Calcicole and califuge plants
One of the best established phenomena in alpine ecology is that many species are
typically found on calcareous or dolomitic rock, while others are tied to Ca-poor,
siliceous rock. A few don't care and occur on both substrate types. We call species
found on Ca++
rich substrate "calcicole",
those on Ca++
poor, siliceous substrate
"calcifuge".
siliceous rock (acidic)
1 -
Rhododendron ferrugineum
(Ericaceae), restricted to acidic soil
1 -
Rhododendron ferrugineum
5 -
Ranunculus glacialis
(Ranunculaceae), restricted to acidic soil
5 -
Ranunculus glacialis
6 -
Pulsatilla alpina ssp. apiifolia
(= Anemone sulphurea, Ranunculaceae)
restricted to acidic soil
6 -
Pulsatilla alpina ssp. apiifolia
(= Anemone sulphurea)
7 -
Rhododendron ferrugineum,
R. x intermedium
and
R. hirsutum
Note the brown lower leaf side of
R. ferrugineum
and the leaf trichomes plus the green lower leaf side in
R. hirsutum.
7 -
R. ferrugineum,
R. x intermedium
and
R. hirsutum
calcareous rock
8 -
Rhododendron hirsutum
(Ericaceae), restricted to calcareous soil
8 -
Rhododendron hirsutum
12 -
Ranunculus alpestris
(Ranunculaceae), restricted to calcareous soil
12 -
Ranunculus alpestris
13 -
Pulsatilla alpina ssp. alpina
(= Anemone alpina, Ranunculaceae)
restricted to calcareous soil
13 -
Pulsatilla alpina ssp. alpina
(= Anemone alpina)